<]/Prev 1512027>> In the fall of 1996, ESEN was expanded to provide resources from around the globe using the World Wide Web. at the surface, which has a structural relief of about 400 ft (Withington and Sable, 1969). Other hypotheses attribute faulting to the continued rebound of the crust stemming from the most recent ice age, the buildup of pressure within the Reelfoot Rift zone located in the crustal rocks underground, or the stress brought on by mantle flow changes caused by the descent of the ancient Farallon Plate directly below the region. Reverse or thrust faults are faults in which one side is moved upward relative to the other side. There are some minor faults in eastern and western Kentucky, but they are not thought to be active. Kentucky). Corrections? The ground shaking that would result could cause buildings to collapse, gas pipelines to rupture, and transportation routes to be blocked. It's by far the largest earthquake ever to strike the United States east of the Rockies. The Kentucky Building and Residential Codes (Fig. Carlisle County - Bardwell. 0000001314 00000 n There has been no activity along these faults in recorded history. ), and was discovered in the late 1960s. Below the sedimentary rocks are igneous and metamorphic rocks. upwarping in the Early to Middle Devonian, and again during formation of the regional Mississippian Movement may not occur along a fault for hundreds or thousands of years, and then the fault may move an inch to several feet all at once. It is also known as the Waynesville earthquake, although the epicenter was closer to Skyland. 1 on the Richter scale. 16). 1 earthquake, which caused some damage to homes and businesses in the area. Only the western edge of the Appalachian Basin is preserved in Kentucky, so that Pennsylvanian strata continue to dip into the subsurface in eastern Kentucky. (1983, p. 24). Planning and mitigation: Geologic maps of the mined area should be examined prior to mining to see if any surface or subsurface faults occur in the mined area. Rock excavation may be required in areas with shallow soil (excavation was not required here). been described by Black (1964). 877.778.7827 (toll free). Carroll County - Carrollton. endstream endobj 134 0 obj <>]/PageLabels 122 0 R/Pages 125 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 135 0 obj <>/Font<>>>/Fields[]>> endobj 136 0 obj <>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/Type/Page>> endobj 137 0 obj <> endobj 138 0 obj <>stream In western Kentucky, several mines have ramped across faults to completely different coal seams on the other side of the fault. Map showing Quaternary faults in the western U.S. and Pacific Ocean. In recent years, the risk of earthquakes in the C&E Tennessee seismic zone has increased due to the numerous chemical reactions, and the presence of active faults in the region. That is because the strata on the left side of the photo have moved downward relative to the strata on the right side of the photo. Campbell County - Alexandria. The Mississippi Embayment is currently delineated by the Cretaceous and Tertiary coastal plain strata (see The arch continued Kentucky to a terminus near Paintsville (sheet 3 of the geologic map); the southern block is displaced All files associated with this page are copyrighted 1997 There, the Devonian (red on the section) and Mississippian (light blue on the section) strata appear to split upward on the eastern (right) side of the diagram. extensive denudation. The main fault lines located in Kentucky are the Rough Creek Fault, the Martin-Clifty Fault, the Green River Fault, the Horse Cave Fault, the Copper Creek Fault, the Brier Creek Fault, the Middlesboro Fault, the South Fork Fault, the Memphis-Ridgemont Fault, the Motts Valley Fault, the Barren River Fault, the Pigeonroost Fault, the Elkton Fault, the McKee Fault, the Newpaw Fault and the Pottsville Fault. basis of geophysical data, that the present embayment stems from the late Mesozoic reactivation of the (Cressman, 1981, p. 14). Seismologists say we can expect the next one any day now. Fun times! There are numerous faults in Kentucky. //--> Newton, J.H., McDonald, H.P., Preston, D.G., Richardson, A.J., and Sims, R., 1973, Soil survey of Madison County, Kentucky: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, 103 p. Sparks, T.N., Dever, G.R., Jr., and Anderson, W.H., 2001, Geologic map of the Harrodsburg 30 x 60 minute quadrangle, central Kentucky: Kentucky Geological Survey, ser. Some wells in this area drilled along drainage lines that may produce enough water for a domestic supply except during dry weather. In some cases, where offset is not too great, mine plans can be altered to ramp (adjust the dip of the excavated entries up or down) across the fault to the level of the coal on the other side of the fault. Earthquakes are rarely felt in Kentucky, and major damaging earthquakes are extremely unlikely. 16), resulting in the These fault lines are all part of the larger New Madrid Seismic Zone, a region spanning 7 states and known for its earthquake activity. Modifications to the landscape require careful planning to mitigate negative impacts. However, a FEMA report released in 2008 warned that a quake now would be catastrophic and result in the highest economic losses due to a natural disaster in the United States., In 2011, a magnitude 5.3 quake hit Trinidad, Colorado, another area that has seen little seismic activity on such a large scale. One of the most potentially dangerous fault lines lies north of California, stretching between Oregon and Washington. Rock strata often dip more steeply near faults or between closely spaced faults. Principal structural features of the arch in Kentucky are the Jessamine An expression (above) of the Kentucky River Fault occurring in limestone north of Clays Ferry bridge on I-75, which continues under the bridge itself (below). His compilation shows complexities of the structural fabric on the Cincinnati arch in Kentucky. now = new Date; 2023 NYP Holdings, Inc. 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Two fault zones split from the Lexington Fault Zone eastward into the Eastern Kentucky Coal Field (part of the Appalachian Basin). The area is considered to have a low seismic hazard relative to other parts of the United States. Whaley and others (1980), in a description of the structures 2 that took place near Cawood in 1909. The Irvine-Paint Creek fault system extends eastward from central 16; not labeled on the geologic map) occupies most of central Kentucky, as The Appalachian basin in Kentucky contains several major structural features: the Kentucky River and Irvine-Paint Creek fault systems, the Pine Mountain thrust fault, and the Waverly arch of northeastern Kentucky (fig.16). 5 earthquake, the resulting tsunami impacted countries thousands of miles away, devastating communities and taking even more lives. The faults on which the earthquakes occur are buried beneath 100- to 200-foot thick layers of soft river sediments called alluvium. syncline (fig. The Kentucky River fault system has been extended eastward, Usually, movements along faults are not great at any one time. %PDF-1.4 % Faults represent breaks in the Earth's crust. The Appalachian basin is divided structurally into an eastern highly deformed part, the fold-and-thrust View Show in a web browser window: [ Legend for lithology colors] Show in Google Earth or other KML viewer: kygeol.kml (Uncompressed, 23.1M) Illinois basin.--The Illinois basin is a major structural downwarp in the eastern midcontinent, occupying large response to some later event, formed along the western margin of the gravity high (Lidiak and Zeitz, 1976; American Institute of Professional Geologists, 1993, The citizens' guide to geologic hazards: 134 p. Black, D.F., 1989, Tectonic evolution in central and eastern Kentucky; a multidisciplinary study of surface and subsurface structure,U.S. Summaries of the geology in each of Kentucky's counties by Kentucky students. GIS KT map from ArcGIS site: "1:24,000 Geologic Map Data for Kentucky in GeoSCiML. Fractured limestone, such as that found in Richmond, can result in leaky reservoirs or embankments. Geophysical studies of the Moorman syncline by The Cascadia Subduction Zone, Pacific Northwest By the time Lewis and Clark arrived on the West Coast in 1805, it had been 105 years since the Cascadia Subduction Zone last ruptured, sending a large portion of the Pacific Ocean roaring toward the coast. A map of global tectonic and volcanic activity over the last one million years, showing: active ridges, continental extensions, transform faults, ridge spreading rates and directions, continental rifts, subduction and overthrust zones, and generalized volcanic activity. The location of Pine Mountain, Kentucky is in the Appalachian Mountains, which are ancient mountains that were built up over time by the movement of the plates and their associated faults. These Webb (1969) and Silberman (1972) have interpreted subsurface data as A compiled set of FAULT features for the state of Kentucky as digitized by the Geospatial Analysis Section, Digital Mapping Team.