[184][183], Indigenous Australians are the original inhabitants of the Australian continent and nearby islands who migrated from Africa to Asia c. 70,000 years ago[185] and arrived in Australia c. 50,000 years ago. Copyright Worldometers.info - All rights reserved -, World Population Prospects: The 2019 Revision, The population density in Oceania is 5 per Km, The total land area is 8,486,460 Km2 (3,276,639 sq. Chai, Makana Risser. In the Galpagos group also more than half of the species are of local origin. Oceania is of all the least populated continent, with the exception of Antarctica . Thehighest mountainon the continent is located in New Guinea and isMount Jaya at 4,884 meters above sea level. 'The Pacific' would not refer to the Pacific Ocean and everything in it e.g., the Philippines. It is one of three massive states that are constantly at war with each other, with the. Fukudome, Shigeru, "Hawaii Operation". Description . "[88] British linguist Robert Needham Cust argued in 1887 that the Malay archipelago should be excluded since it had participated in Asian civilization. This article is about the geographical region. They were named by Krusenstern, after English explorer John Marshall, who visited them together with Thomas Gilbert in 1788, en route from Botany Bay to Canton (two ships of the First Fleet). [371] Milford Sound in South Island is acclaimed as New Zealand's most famous tourist destination. The term Oceania is usually used to denote the region . [181] The islands are typically grouped with others in the southeastern Pacific that were never inhabited by Polynesians. [178][179], Norfolk Island, an external territory of Australia, was inhabited in prehistoric times by either Melanesians or Polynesians, and is geographically adjacent to the islands of Melanesia. Some of the more well known and distinctive bird species in New Zealand are the kiwi, kea, takah, kakapo, mohua, t, and the bellbird. Webster broke Oceania up into two subdivisions; the continental group, which included Australia, the Japanese archipelago, the Malay archipelago and Taiwan, and the oceanic group, which included New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. 2. The first settlers of Australia, New Guinea, and the big islands simply to the east arrived more than 60,000 years ago. Oceania is the name that designates the insularcontinentmade up of the continental shelf of Australia, New Zealand, the islands of New Guinea and the archipelagos of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. The main produce from the Pacific is copra or coconut, but timber, beef, palm oil, cocoa, sugar, and ginger are also commonly grown across the tropics of the Pacific. "[112] Furthermore, the book adds that Hawaii is still within Oceania, despite being politically integrated into the U.S., and that the Pacific Ocean "gives unity to the whole" since "all these varied lands emerge from or border upon the Pacific. [413] New Zealand marks two national days of remembrance, Waitangi Day and ANZAC Day, and also celebrates many holidays such as the Queen's Birthday, Labour Day, and Christmas Day, as well as public anniversaries of the founding dates of most regions. [380] The Australian Defence Force is by far the largest military force in Oceania. Yearly Change: For 2019: absolute change in total population (increase or decrease in number of people) over the last year (from July 1, 2018 to June 30 2019). In addition, its characteristics, religion, economy and more. [374], Australia is a federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy[375] with Charles III at its apex as the King of Australia, a role that is distinct from his position as monarch of the other Commonwealth realms. [216][217], French Catholic missionaries arrived on Tahiti in 1834; their expulsion in 1836 caused France to send a gunboat in 1838. Updates? Public health experts [84] She stated that Oceania was divided up into three groups; Australasia (which included Australia, New Zealand and the Melanesian islands), Malesia (which included all present-day countries within the Malay archipelago, not the modern country of Malaysia) and Polynesia (which included both the Polynesian and Micronesian islands in her definition). In the Anglo-Saxon continental model, Oceania is called only Australia. Known indigenous tribes in Papua New Guinea have very little contact with local authorities aside from the authorities knowing who they are. The lieutenant governor acts as the Secretary of State. The state's food exports include coffee, macadamia nuts, pineapple, livestock, sugarcane and honey. [89] His definition of Polynesia included both Easter Island and Hawaii, which had not yet been annexed by either Chile or the United States. Australia and New Zealand collectively contain more than 30 million people, which is nearly three quarters of the entire population of Oceania. In 2005, the World Bank praised New Zealand as the most business-friendly country in the world. [26], The geographer Conrad Malte-Brun coined the French expression Terres ocaniques (Oceanic lands) c. 1804,[27] then in 1814 another French cartographer, Adrien-Hubert Bru, coined from this expression the shorter "Ocanie" putting it on a map, "Ocanie, ou cinquime partie du monde, comprenant l'archipel d'Asie, l'Australasie et la Polynsie (ou le continent de la Nouvelle Hollande et les les du Grand Ocan)". The 1960 constitution, which formally came into force with independence from New Zealand in 1962, builds on the British pattern of parliamentary democracy, modified to take account of Samoan customs. The island chain borders both the Pacific Plate and the North American Plate, and is geologically a partially submerged volcanic extension of the Aleutian Range on the Alaskan mainland, that stretches for another 1,600 kilometers. [221], Under a four subregion model, the islands of Oceania extend to New Guinea in the west, the Bonin Islands in the northwest, the Hawaiian Islands in the northeast, Easter Island and Sala y Gmez Island in the east, and Macquarie Island in the south. "[136] In the Pacific Ocean Handbook (1945), author Eliot Grinnell Mears claimed, "it is customary to exclude the Aleutians of the North Pacific, the American coastal islands and the Netherlands East Indies", and that he included Australia and New Zealand in Oceania for "scientific reasons; Australia's fauna is largely continental in character, New Zealand's are clearly insular; and neither Commonwealth realm has close ties with Asia. There is also a presence of the Orthodox Church,Buddhism,Islamand the Hindi religion, especially in Fiji. Hong Kong, partly located in another marginal sea of the Pacific (the South China Sea) was also included in his definition. There are 18 peaks of more than 3000 metres (9800ft) in the South Island. [408], The music of Hawaii includes traditional and popular styles, ranging from native Hawaiian folk music to modern rock and hip hop. As recently as 33,000 years ago no human beings lived in the region, except in Australasia. This is in spite of the geographical distance separating these areas from Hawaii, which technically lies in the North Pacific. [66] The Galpagos Islands, the Juan Fernndez Islands and the Revillagigedo Islands were identified as the easternmost areas of Oceania in the book. It should be noted thatin the Anglo-Saxon continental model this continent is called only Australia(differentiating it from the country of the same name), and the Pacific islands are not usually included in it. Volcanic islands which are geologically associated with continental landmasses, such as the Aleutian Islands, Japan's Izu Islands, the Kuril Islands, the Ryukyu Islands and most of the Solomon Islands, were also excluded from his definition. The ninth season of the reality TV series Survivor was filmed on Vanuatu, entitled Survivor: Vanuatu Islands of Fire. Portuguese explorers, between 1512 and 1526, reached the Tanimbar Islands, some of the Caroline Islands and west New Guinea. [353] Australia boasts the largest amount of manufacturing in the region, producing cars, electrical equipment, machinery and clothes. Below are the key figures for Oceania population in 2022: Source: Pew Research Center. [431] Sculpture in Oceania first appears on New Guinea as a series of stone figures found throughout the island, but mostly in mountainous highlands. In 2006 Australia left the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC) for the Asian Football Confederation (AFC), and their men's team the Socceroos have qualified for every subsequent FIFA World Cup as an Asian entrant. [277] The tuatara is a notable reptile endemic to New Zealand. [70][71] The CIA World Factbook also categorizes Oceania as one of the major continental divisions of the world, but the name "Australia and Oceania" is used. PopulationPyramid.net Piramide della Popolazione Mondiale dal 1950 al 2100. This is a senior leadership position responsible for an integrated approach to population and public health programs and services in the Province of Manitoba. As of 1 January 2023, the population of Oceania was estimated to be 44,416,763 people. Number of followers estimated by Countrymeters . The capital of Papeet was founded in 1843. On 15 November 2022, the world's population reached 8 billion people, a milestone in human development. It further states, "In its broadest definition Oceania embraces all islands and island groups of the Pacific Ocean that lie between Asia and the two American continents. To ensure these plants set seed, biologists rappel down 910-metre (3,000ft) cliffs to brush pollen onto their stigmas. Spanning the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, Oceania is estimated to have a land area of 8,525,989 square kilometres . "[96] In his 1857 book A Treatise on Physical Geography, Francis B. Fogg commented that "the Pacific and its dependencies may be said to contain that portion of the globe termed Oceanica or 'the Maritime World', which is divided into Australasia, Malesia and Polynesia." Encompassing the two most highly populated countries in the world - China and India - Asia is by far the largest of the continents, with a total population of over 4.5 billion people. It is more usual at the present time, however, to exclude the [Malay] archipelago. A second island type formed of coral is the uplifted coral platform, which is usually slightly larger than the low coral islands. The rock art of Aboriginal Australians is the longest continuously practiced artistic tradition in the world. It corresponds to the following formula: projection, It corresponds to the calculation: projection, It corresponds to the formula: LN(2)/LN(growth/100+1), which produces exactly the same result as LOG, "Fast facts about Australia - Australia in Brief - Australian Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade", Current real density based on food growing capacity, Antiviral medications for pandemic influenza, Percentage suffering from undernourishment, Health expenditure by country by type of financing, Programme for International Student Assessment, Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies, Progress in International Reading Literacy Study, Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Oceanian_countries_by_population&oldid=1137423444, Lists of countries by continent, by population, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 4 February 2023, at 15:56. [94] In his 1846 book A Universal Pronouncing Gazetteer, author Thomas Baldwin wrote that Oceania includes Australia and Pacific islands which "are considered, from their proximity, not to belong to the continents of Asia or America." Population is based on the de facto definition of population, which counts all residents regardless of legal status or citizenship--except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part . Oceania's largest export markets include Japan, China, the United States, India, South Korea and the European Union. [266] Birds breeding on Pitcairn include the fairy tern, common noddy, and red-tailed tropicbird. [64][123] Archaeological evidence suggests that Micronesians may have lived on the Bonin Islands c.2,000 years ago, but they were uninhabited at the time of European discovery in the 16th century. The Department of Health is currently seeking an Executive Director for the Population and Public Health Branch. He adds, "Easter Island still participates in some Pacific Island affairs because its people are Polynesian. Further excluded are East Timor and Indonesian New Guinea/Western New Guinea, areas which are biogeographically or geologically associated with the Australian landmass. [339], Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) studies quantify the magnitude of the Austronesian expansion and demonstrate the homogenising effect of this expansion. [191] The Torres Strait Islanders are indigenous to the Torres Strait Islands, which are at the northernmost tip of Queensland near Papua New Guinea. Pirmides Populacionais: Oceania - 2041. [228], Oceania is one of eight terrestrial biogeographic realms, which constitute the major ecological regions of the planet. The term, in its widest sense, embraces the entire insular region between Asia and the Americas. English, French, Bislama (Bichelama) plus more than 100 local languages. The population of the Oceania / Pacific region is approximately 300 million. [285][286] Snow falls in New Zealand's South Island and at higher altitudes in the North Island. Since 1945, more than 7 million people have settled in Australia. February 21, 2022 by Admin. Source: Worldometer ( www.Worldometers.info) Geological forces such as tectonic uplift of mountain ranges or clashes between tectonic plates occurred mainly in Australia's early history, when it was still a part of Gondwana. It was held for the first time in 1905.[466]. [418], The national cuisine has been described as Pacific Rim, incorporating the native Mori cuisine and diverse culinary traditions introduced by settlers and immigrants from Europe, Polynesia and Asia. The history of Hawaii's economy can be traced through a succession of dominant industries; sandalwood,[361] whaling,[362] sugarcane, pineapple, the military, tourism and education. Tropical 4. Inherent to their remoteness and because of the wide variety of island types, the Pacific Islands have developed unique social, biological and geological characteristics." For the continent, see, "South West Pacific" redirects here. [464] Additionally, Australia has hosted five editions of the Commonwealth Games (Sydney 1938, Perth 1962, Brisbane 1982, Melbourne 2006, Gold Coast 2018). 200 million. Australia was also not included, as it was settled several thousands of years before the arrival of Austronesian-speaking peoples in Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. He went on to write that his preferred definition of Oceania emphasis islands with oceanic geology, stating that oceanic islands are, "islands with no past connections to a continental landmass" and that, "these boundaries encompass the Hawaiian and Bonin Islands in the north and Easter Island in the south, and the Palau Islands in the west to the Galpagos Islands in the east. [337], Between 2001 and 2007 Australia's Pacific Solution policy transferred asylum seekers to several Pacific nations, including the Nauru detention centre. Britain also established colonies in Australia in 1788, New Zealand in 1840 and Fiji in 1872, with much of Oceania becoming part of the British Empire. Wilford, Timothy. A decentralized chieftain-based system eventually evolved into a more centralized economic and religious culture centered on Yap and Pohnpei. [248] The coastal uplands and a belt of Brigalow grasslands lie between the coast and the mountains, while inland of the dividing range are large areas of grassland. Hawaii also made a major contribution to country music with the introduction of the steel guitar. Sugar cane processing makes up one-third of industrial activity. [415] Some artists release Mori language songs and the Mori tradition-based art of kapa haka (song and dance) has made a resurgence. Part 1: Australia and Oceania, German herpetologist Klaus Henle referred to the area as the Pacific region, and defined it as covering Australia, New Zealand and the islands of Melanesia, Micronesia and Polynesia. [358] The New Zealand dollar is the 10th-most traded currency in the world.[359]. Among these are Bougainville, Hawaii, and Solomon Islands. [154], Other uninhabited Pacific Ocean landmasses have been explicitly associated with Oceania,[155] including the highly remote Baker Island and Wake Island (now administered by the U.S. OCEANIA. As with other Polynesian cultures (Hawaiian, Tahitian and Mori) with significant and unique tattoos, Samoans have two gender specific and culturally significant tattoos. Contact between Austronesian and Papuan resulted in several instances in mixed languages such as Maisin. Flick estimated this definition of Oceania had a population of 70,000,000, and commented that, "brown and yellow races constitute the vast majority" and that the minority of whites were mainly "owners and rulers". In the financial year 2014/15, tourism represented 3% of Australia's GDP contributing A$47.5 billion to the national economy. [256] There is a wide variety of native trees, adapted to all the various micro-climates in New Zealand. In the politics of Papua New Guinea the Prime Minister is the head of government, and the head of state is the monarch of the United Kingdom, represented by a Governor-General. [465], Melbourne hosts the Australian Open every year, considered one of the four major Grand Slam tournaments in tennis. Urban Pop % : Urban population as a percentage of total population. "[87] Rand McNally & Company, an American publisher of maps and atlases, claimed in 1892 that, "Oceania comprises the large island of Australia and the innumerable islands of the Pacific Ocean" and also that the islands of the Malay archipelago "should be grouped in with Asia. Teachers are encouraged to have their students use the Data Sheet for a variety of topics and activities. Tourism New Zealand, the country's official tourism agency, is actively promoting the country as a destination worldwide. Auckland and Wellington are frequently ranked among the world's most liveable cities, with Auckland being ranked first in the world according to the Global Liveability Ranking. [404] Australia and New Zealand were responsible for the flat white coffee. The most popular overall sport in Australia is cricket, with their national team having won the Cricket World Cup a record five times. 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Reality TV series Survivor was filmed on Vanuatu, entitled Survivor: Vanuatu Islands Fire! 1526, reached the Tanimbar Islands, some of the reality TV series Survivor was filmed on Vanuatu, Survivor. America and Oceania an integrated approach to population and public Health programs and services in South! Malay ] archipelago would not refer to the national economy population reached 8 people!, a milestone in human development typically grouped with others in the North Pacific usually. Geographical distance separating these areas from Hawaii, and Solomon Islands 466 ] the 10th-most traded currency in Anglo-Saxon... Uplifted coral platform, which constitute the major ecological regions of the Caroline Islands and west New Guinea and Jaya! Square kilometres of State between Asia and the big Islands simply to the Pacific ( South!