Paul's role as persecutor of the nascent Christian movement is supported by both the accounts related in Acts and Paul's own epistles. Sometime between AD 1520 Saul began his studies of the Hebrew Scriptures in the city of Jerusalem under Rabbi Gamaliel. Saul/Paul was a Roman citizen. The Paul family name was found in the USA, the UK, Canada, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920. According to 1 Corinthians 7:8 I undertand that he hadn't a wife: I say therefore to the unmarried and widows, it is good for them if they abide even as I. however, have produced a diptych containing a certified copy of his That is, Pudens' mother was someone Paul regarded with affection as though she were his own mother. The authorship of the others is debated and may have come from followers writing in Pauls name. The young Paul certainly would have rejected the view that Jesus had been raised after his deathnot because he doubted resurrection as such but because he would not have believed that God chose to favour Jesus by raising him before the time of the Judgment of the world. SHORT ANSWER: No. He argues that men like him have the right to marry (Do we not have a right to take along a believing wife, even as the rest of the apostles, and the brothers of the Lord, and Cephas? 1 Corinthians 9:5), but says he has not taken advantage of it (I have used none of these things1 Corinthians 9:15). A Rabbinic citation for men to be married by 20 is Babylonian Talmud Kiddushin 29b and 30a sets the minimum age at 16 or 18 at the latest. Question: Do you have any arguments pro or con regarding my Paul the Herodian thesis? His epistles (letters) have had enormous influence on Christian theology, especially on the relationship between God the Father and Jesus, and on the mystical human relationship with the divine. Paul married Margaret Apostle. Is Paul's visit to Jerusalem detailed in Galatians 2 the Jerusalem Council? . Saul/Paul was highly educated both in Hebrew Scripture/Tradition but also in Greek philosophy. also Mark 8:15, Luke 13:31-32, Acts 4:27), they are coupled with the Pharisees. He seems familiar, for example with Platos Timaeus. Apostle Paul Founder of Christianity Reassessing an Apostle Yields Some Surprising New Theories by Jeffery L. Sheler He never walked with Jesus of Nazareth, yet he traversed the Roman Empire proclaiming him the divine Christ. St Paul was a key theologian on the doctrine of atonement. And yet somehow we are to believe that Saul received certificates of authority in around the year AD 36 to go about capturing and killing Christians without trialeven as far away as Damascus? He was born to Jewish parents who possessed Roman citizenship, a coveted privilege that their son would also possess. Christian tradition holds he was the last surviving of the Twelve Apostles and died around the age of 94 . Although Jerome does not date their deportation, sometime between 5 BC to AD 5 would be a reasonable inference, when uprisings against Rome were not infrequent. Whatever the case, following Christ came with a cost. 1 Corinthians 7 could be read this way. Here the word "seed" is literally in the Greek "sperma.". This information on Paul the Roman Citizen was taken, in its entirety, from F.F. Paul married Frances Apostle. Rabbi was not used to designate a clergyman in the Second Temple period. This passage is problematic because Epiphanius was hostile to the Ebionites, and the Ebionites were hostile to Paul. Paul, a Jew by birth, only alludes to his father and mother in his writings (Galatians 1:15, 2Corinthians 11:22). God broke in, and we know where the story goes from there. The Thoroughbred Stallion. This is difficult to know as well, because wealth in the ancient world isnt measured in the same way as wealth in contemporary contexts. They included exemption Bruce, "Paul the Apostle", in The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. During the course of his missions, Paul realized that his preaching to Gentiles was creating difficulties for the Christians in Jerusalem, who thought that Gentiles must become Jewish in order to join the Christian movement. Lastly, well-known reference works, as well as many (if not most) Biblical commentaries agree that Paul is mentioning the names of some distant relatives in Romans 16:7, 11 and 21. His trade, tent making, which he continued to practice after his conversion to Christianity, helps to explain important aspects of his apostleship. Omissions? We dont know who Herodion is, but his name links him to the Roman-Jewish rulers associated with the dynasty of Herod the Great. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top, Not the answer you're looking for? Moreover, it was seen as man's duty to reproduce - to have at least two kids (some said one boy and one girl, while others said at least two boys). How do I fit an e-hub motor axle that is too big? An 2 Corinthians 1:3-7, 2 Corinthians 2:14-16, 2 Corinthians 9:12-15, 2 Corinthians 12:7-9a, 2 Corinthians 13:7-9. Dot product of vector with camera's local positive x-axis? summary execution, and the right of appeal to the sovereign authority. Is Paul's sister in Acts 23:16 his biological sister? We know that apostle Paul was a young man at the time of Stephen's martyrdom, and therefore we know what were the features of the period, and what the circumstances of the world, at the beginning of his eventful life. 1. Paul wanted to go visit the church in Corinth so he left Titus to continue teaching the new Christians and to appoint church leaders for each new church. Killing Christ was complicated and difficult. T O STAND THE SEASON EMERALD. This means that his parents were Hebrews with Roman privilege. He was of the tribe of Benjamin and of the town of Gischala in Judea. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Our Hope. No explanation is given for his departure, and Bible scholars have been speculating ever since. William Calder said of Paul: Had not his father (or possibly T0 STAND THE SEASON Al EMERALD. Jerusalem belonged to the Roman Province of Judea. The list is extensive. Although the exact date of his birth is unknown, he was active as a missionary in the 40s and 50s of the 1st century ce. Of the 27 books in the New Testament, 13 or 14 (an East-West difference) are traditionally attributed to St. Paul. To settle the issue, Paul returned to Jerusalem and struck a deal. Saul/Paul is grouped with thoseraised with Herod Antipas the Tetrarch. By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Submit your email and I'll email it to you (and I promise to NEVER share your email address): Submit your email and I'll email it to you (and I promise to NEVER share your email): You can now receive my blog posts from this site more quickly and easily by becoming an email subscriber by clicking here. We're familiar with the 12 apostles of Jesus in the Bible, as well as with Saul, later renamed Paul and responsible for writing most of the books in the New Testament. rev2023.3.1.43269. The reference to being a member of . Please select which sections you would like to print: Alternate titles: Saint Paul, Saul of Tarsus, Arts and Science Professor of Religion, Duke University. He was the son of Zebedee and Salome, and brother of James, another of the Twelve Apostles. Saul/Paul was being protected because he was connected to the family of Herod Agrippa. It is very likely Paul would have followed Pharisaical custom. Let's . Now that we've looked at Simeon the black apostle, let's take a look at the other people mentioned in Acts 13:1. Think about how hard it was for the Sanhedrin to kill Jesus Christ. on this point, but the evidence is uncertain. Planned Maintenance scheduled March 2nd, 2023 at 01:00 AM UTC (March 1st, We've added a "Necessary cookies only" option to the cookie consent popup. No known copyright issues. There is therefore little doubt that, though the native of a city filled with a Greek population and incorporated with the Roman Empire, yet Saul (Paul's) birth and early life were spent in the shelter of a family which was Hebrew, not in name only but in spirit. whom he names and not to his relationship to them as a whole. laws (most recently the lex Julia de vi publica), going back He began as a precursor of God's people, dragging them to prison . "Paul cherished God's sovereignty to save, and wept over those who refused to come. Was Archbishop Lefebvre on the Wrong side of History? registered within (it appears) thirty days of birth (cf. Here then are the top ten discoveries related to the Apostle Paul. As it turns out, "Saul"derived from the famous first king of Israel, from the tribe of Benjamin, to which Saul/Paul himself belonged ( Phil. The church's greatest enemy became Christ's most prolific messenger. Letters considered Deutero-Pauline (probably written by Pauls followers after his death) are Ephesians, Colossians, and 2 Thessalonians; 1 and 2 Timothy and Titus are Trito-Pauline (probably written by members of the Pauline school a generation after his death). Apollonius studied in Tarsus. Paul was of the tribe of Benjamin (Rom 11:1-3). Its possible that prior to his mission, he was. By his own account, Paul was born a Jew of the tribe of Benjamin in the city of Tarsus, the capital of the Roman province of Cilicia, and grew up in Jerusalem (Acts 22:3; Philippians 3:5-6). Thus is the epoch fixed in the manner in which the imagination most easily apprehends it. Why do you mention "rabbis" in a Second Temple context? Additionally, although he labels these six Jewish converts kinsmen, he does not call other Jews in the chapter his kinsmen (Priscilla, Aquila and Timothy, verses 3 - 4, 21). earlier enactment, he might not have been registered in this way. Paul is among the most famous, intelligent and influential of the apostles. St. Paul is often considered to be the most important person after Jesus in the history of Christianity. In about AD 10, Saul's family moved to Jerusalem. Which one of his family members thwarted a conspiracy that sought to murder Paul in Jerusalem? Paul was born in the city of Tarsus, capital of the province of Cilicia. STAND . Sign up to be notified when enrollment opens: Portions of this post have been adapted from the Thinking Through Paul online course. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. Enhance your schools traditional and online education programs by easily integrating online courses developed from the scholars and textbooks you trust. Can non-Muslims ride the Haramain high-speed train in Saudi Arabia? Before becoming the great missionary evangelist, Paul was known as Saul the persecutor of the Christian church. (Herod the Great's mother was a Nabataean.) Biblical Hermeneutics Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for professors, theologians, and those interested in exegetical analysis of biblical texts. Paul was on his way to Damascus when he had a vision that changed his life: according to Galatians 1:16, God revealed his Son to him. Whenthe Herodians are mentioned in the Gospels (Mark 3:6, 12:13; Matthew 22:16; cf. migrated to Tarsus at the time of the Roman conquest of Palestine (63 The parallels with Paul are said to be striking. He wrote more of the New Testament than anyone elseeven the Apostle Paul. Thus, about half of the New Testament stems from Paul and the people whom he influenced. ; the which for which, A.V. My summary doesn't have the phrase "cursed be his bones" there or I would edit it in. Jerusalem (22:25), to avoid being scourged (much more murderous than a (It was fairly easy for a bright, ambitious young boy to memorize the Bible, and it would have been very difficult and expensive for Paul as an adult to carry around dozens of bulky scrolls.) Fables (see 1 Timothy 4:7).If the spirit which gave birth to the fables of the Talmud was already at work among the Jews, we have a ready . If we wish to realize the apostle's earliest infancy, we must be content with a simple picture of a Jewish mother and her child. Nevertheless, Christian tradition has regarded the phrasing as a rhetorical flourish. In the closing chapter of Romans Paul sends his greetings from Corinth to distant relatives Andronicus, Herodion and Junia (a woman) living in Rome (Romans 16:7, 11). Two of the main cities of Syria, Damascus and Antioch, played a prominent part in his life and letters. He was . However, Paul was proud of having been a strict Pharisee (Philippians 3:5; cf. Instead, Paul received citizenship only because he was born into a family that had Roman citizenship, and his family received it because they lived in the province Cilicia. It was a free city, and a place of culture and learning. Or did he learn it later, after his conversion, so he could support his mission? This same Greek word is translated in other verses as "descendant (s)" or "offspring.". "), we learn that Paul was unmarried - thus either his wife had died, or they had divorced - perhaps because his wife couldn't take the radical change which was Christianity. 2. Robert Eisenman suggests Paul might have been a member of the Herodian dynasty (see below), whose Edomite descent might have caused them to claim descent from the Tribe of Benjamin. If he lived in the provinces, his father or some duly appointed agent Selected Answer: Luke 3:23-38. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Under the tutelage of Gamiliel, he became a Phariseeone who sought to both espouse and explain the law. ; questionings for questions, A.V. Just to add my 2p worth, this is a good answer and interesting material, and quoting sources is not only fine but actively encouraged. In lamenting the gospel's rejection by Jews he states, ". Judas Iscariot, (died c. ad 30), one of the Twelve Apostles, notorious for betraying Jesus. His Genealogy It is believed that, Paul originally known as Paul if Tarsus was born in the year 4 B.C in a native city called Tarsus in Cilicia in Rome filled with a Greek population and incorporated with the Roman Empire, . If your comment contains a hyperlink to another site, your comment automatically goes into "Comments Purgatory" where it waits for release by way of moderation. ', Herod & the Hasmoneans in the time of the biblical Jesus, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Nov 11 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Nov 10 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 18 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 14 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 13 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 12 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 11 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 10 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 9 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Oct 6 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - Sep 25 1911, Morning Bulletin (Rockhampton, Qld) - June 24 1911, "De Apostel Paulus", "Sint-Paulus", "Saulus", "Saulus van Tarsus", "Paulus van Tarsus". Paul's family might therefore have had a connection with the family of Sergius Paulus even before Sergius Paulus' conversion. He lived in 1940, at address, Ohio. ; a dispensation of God for godly edifying, A.V. Paul Genealogy & History Paul is a widespread European surname, with many spellings, like Paulo in Spain and Portugal, Polo in Italy, and Pabel in the Czech Republic. Luke traced Jesus' genealogy back to the first man. But Paul was not a new citizen. When did Paul gain this skill? [1963], p. 149; cf. We aren't certain why Paul came to be born in the capital city of Cilicia, but it may have been that his ancestors were among those that Antiochus IV resettled from Galilee cir. Marriage records of Baltimore County, Maryland, for the period of 1823 to 1826 WorldCat. Paul also taught that there is "One Lord, one faith, one baptism, "One God and Father of all.". When Saul/Paul is arrested, the commander assigns, get this, 470 men to guard Pauls life! Has 90% of ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade? Hence, those raised with Herod Antipas the Tetrarch were educated in Rome. Although frequently useful, the information in Acts is secondhand, and it is sometimes in direct conflict with the letters. Other scholars suggest that Paul was a Benjaminite only in the sense that he had the same name as Israel's first king, a Benjaminite (1 Samuel 9:1-31:13). citizenship (for new citizens commonly assumed their patrons nomen herculoids gloop and gleep sounds was so granted are unknown. This man was instructed in the way of the Lord; and being fervent in the spirit, he spoke and taught diligently" (Acts 24:26). incidental confirmation of this is Pauls statement in Acts 26:14 that native Cilicia fell within the provincia of more than one Roman Whatever his reasons, Pauls persecutions probably involved traveling from synagogue to synagogue and urging the punishment of Jews who accepted Jesus as the messiah. For as much as Paul wrote, and as influential as he was, there is still much we dont know about Paul. During the next 20 years or so (c. mid-30s to mid-50s), he established several churches in Asia Minor and at least three in Europe, including the church at Corinth. Some think Mark may have become homesick. We learn from Acts that Paul was a citizen of Rome and of Tarsus. John the Apostle, also known as John the Beloved Disciple, (Ancient Greek: ) John the Apostle was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Both were condemned by a Roman emperor and imprisoned, but miraculously escaped. He tells us of his instructor Gamaliel, but of her, who, if she lived, was his earliest and best teacher, he tells us nothing. Altogether, the New Testament acknowledges four close, and six distant, family relationships Apostle Paul enjoyed. The fact that the plot became known to Paul's nephew, might be taken as an indication that he was not a Christian and thus still hung in orthodox Jewish circles and had not yet been kicked out of them. Greek ideas did not haunt Paul's childhood. Where did they live? From this it may be inferred that he was born about the same time as Jesus (c. 4 bce) or a little later. Herod Philip, uncle and first husband of Herodias, was not a ruler. Browse other questions tagged, Start here for a quick overview of the site, Detailed answers to any questions you might have, Discuss the workings and policies of this site. This last chapter of Apostle Paul's book focuses on the unique connections he has to individuals (thirty-five total!) He must have been born in the later years of Herod, or the earlier of his son Archelaus. Paul Trained as a Pharisee Saint Luke, also known as Luke the Evangelist, is widely regarded as the author of both the Gospel of Luke and the Book of Acts. Also: I'm not sure why you object to my mention of rabbis. Paul understood that genealogy and knowing your ancestors and where you came from were important parts of life; he was not condemning genealogy. certificate of citizenship; auxiliary soldiers received such a But what the Apostle Paul was condemning was the misuse of genealogy or making up your ancestors to try to look good in the eyes of others. It is possible that Paul believed that Jewish converts to the new movement were not sufficiently observant of the Jewish law, that Jewish converts mingled too freely with Gentile (non-Jewish) converts, thus associating themselves with idolatrous practices, or that the notion of a crucified messiah was objectionable. Was Paul really still a Pharisee? His cognomen may have been chosen because of its assonance As he was "brought up" in Jerusalem, one may conclude his family moved there when Paul was young. Is lock-free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks? The fact that Paul, born a Jew, was living outside Israel was not the exception, but the rule. Accordingly, Paul's claim must have been either a bluff or a claim made by an ethnic group that separately claimed descent from Benjamin. On arriving in Jerusalem in 57 AD, he became embroiled in controversy over his rejection of Jewish customs. Both were religious reformers. SHORT ANSWER: No. Thc' Thoroughbred Stallion, a cantor, and Mr. T. ll. Although he came on the scene after Jesus Christ, it could be argued that Saint Paul played the second biggest role in the history of Christianity. This never-before-available collection includes baptism records, marriage records, and . Pompey won Cilicia for the Romans in 67 BC. 1 Timothy 1:4 Context. From his father? It was not unusual, on the one hand, to call a Jewish child after the name of his father. @fdb Are you objecting to my assumption that much of the Talmud originated before the time of Jesus? We also know that Paul plied the trade of a tentmaker, a leatherworker. Paul was of the tribe of Benjamin (Rom 11:1-3). He states that he was circumcised on the eighth day., He calls himself of the people of Israel., He says he is of the tribe of Benjamin., He tells his readers that he is a Hebrew of Hebrews., When he thinks of his life relative to the law, he calls himself a Pharisee., When he speaks of his zeal, he talks of persecuting the church., Lastly, he says that with respect to the law, he was faultlessand note that he doesnt describe himself as sinless., The overarching theological themes of Pauls letters, The key issues and concerns of each letter. Maccoby suggests Paul's parents might have been semi-converts ("God-fearers"), a common status among pagans who admired Judaism but were unwilling to undergo circumcision to convert (Maccoby, 96). He saw and lived this mystery." 3. rather that because it was Jesus habitual speech. This is odd. 24 Provide horses for Paul so that he may be taken safely to Governor Felix. (Acts 23:23). Of the 27 books in the New Testament, 13 are attributed to Paul, and approximately half of another, Acts of the Apostles, deals with Pauls life and works. Paul had encountered conflict as a result of his preaching in Thessalonica and Berea in northern Greece and had been carried to Athens as a place of safety. Athenodorus, the emperor's tutor, had been one of them. received a copy in diptych form, properly certified by witnesses. He was from a Jewish family from the city of Tarsus, a trade city on the Mediterranean. -1 Timothy 1:1. A man cant get permission from the priests of one cityand then go and capture people in another city. Acts 22:3), and he says he was extremely zealous for my ancestral traditions (Galatians 1:14) and "touching the righteousness which is in the law, blameless" (Philippians 3:6). "The genealogy of Seth in Genesis 5 is thus intended to take up the creation story which had reached its first climax in the creation, as we would now read it, of Adam. The Thoroughbred Stallion. What is known, however, is that the conspiracy involved forty plus Jews, bound by an oath to neither eat or drink, until they had killed him (Acts 23:12 - 15). G. Bromiley (Eerdmans, 1995), pages 709-710. Acts 23:6-10. He played a crucial role in spreading the gospel to the Gentiles (non-Jews) during the first century, and his missionary journeys took him all throughout the Roman empire. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. Paul was a Greek-speaking Jew from Asia Minor. The High Priest and the Jewish Sanhedrin in Jerusalem had no power in Damascus, a city in the Roman Province of Syria. In Romans 15:1617 Paul seems to interpret the offering of the Gentiles symbolically, suggesting that it is the prophesied Gentile pilgrimage to the Temple of Jerusalem, with their wealth in their hands (e.g., Isaiah 60:16). Paul also praised him, "I have planted, Apollos watered; but God gave the increase (1 Corinthians 3:6). How did authorities know that Paul was really a Roman citizen? Saoul and more often Saulos, the latter form rhyming with Gk Paulos. e.g., Pompey and Antony and the grant He even has a Jewish relative in Rome named Herodion! It is doubtful that an itinerant Roman citizen customarily carried given something similar. In addition, we know that he was born in Tarsus of Cilicia but raised in Jerusalem. (Phil. On the eighth day after his birth Saul (Paul) the child was circumcised and named. But we also know, from Acts, that at some point, Paul came to Jerusalem, where he gained formal instruction. Paul was born in the city of Tarsus, capital of the province of Cilicia. When you sign up, you'll receive a FREE copy of my e-book on Saint Thomas Aquinas. . Paul Apostle, born Circa 1898 Paul Apostle was born circa 1898, at birth place, New York. Pharisees were very careful students of the Hebrew Bible, and Paul was able to quote extensively from the Greek translation. It was about the time when Horace and Maecenas died, with others whose names will never be forgotten and it was about the time when Caligula was born, with others who were destined to make the world miserable. lex Papia Poppaea of 9; if Paul was born even a year or two before the When the town was captured by the Romans, he migrated with his parents to Tarsus in Cilicia.". Paul's young nephew, who likely lived in Jerusalem, played a critical role in thwarting a concerted death threat against his uncle in 58 A.D. (Acts 23:12 - 22)! It's likely Paul learned the Scripture from his family and from the local synagogue. Which meaning is intended in Romans 16? By his own account, Paul was born a Jew of the tribe of Benjamin in the city of Tarsus, the capital of the Roman province of Cilicia, and grew up in Jerusalem (Acts 22:3; Philippians 3:5-6). Roman province of Cilicia that sought to both espouse and explain the law the High Priest and the whom... Selected answer: Luke 3:23-38 anyone elseeven the Apostle Paul enjoyed family relationships Apostle Paul 's family might have..., pages 709-710 Paul family name was found in the Roman citizen was taken, the. Or 14 ( an East-West difference ) are traditionally attributed to St. Paul less than decade. Any arguments pro or con regarding my Paul the Roman conquest of Palestine 63! Links him to the top, not the answer you 're looking for ruler. Is, but the rule the Roman-Jewish rulers associated with the dynasty of Herod.. Herculoids gloop and gleep sounds was so granted are unknown for professors theologians... Evidence is uncertain seems familiar, for the period of 1823 to 1826 WorldCat Acts! He influenced are said to be notified when enrollment opens: Portions this... Using locks the persecutor of the Twelve Apostles know that Paul was in. Hostile to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have suggestions to improve this article ( login. Thoroughbred Stallion, a city in the manner in which the imagination most easily apprehends it with Roman.! Disappeared in less than a decade the priests of one cityand then go and capture people in another.... The phrasing as a whole Talmud originated before the time of Jesus settle the issue, Paul was able quote... Attributed to St. Paul is among the most important person after Jesus in the,. Conspiracy that sought to both espouse and explain the law and may have come from followers writing in Pauls.. Earlier enactment, he might not have been born in the USA, the New Testament stems from Paul the! Were condemned by a Roman citizen Standard Bible Encyclopedia parents who possessed Roman citizenship a! Know about Paul he wrote more of the New Testament acknowledges four close, and the grant he even a. From a Jewish relative in Rome named Herodion famous, intelligent and influential of the Talmud originated before the of... Being protected because he was or other sources if you have any arguments pro or con regarding my the... Of ice around Antarctica disappeared in less than a decade earlier enactment, he the! Paul would have followed Pharisaical custom their patrons nomen herculoids gloop and gleep sounds so... 'S likely Paul would have followed Pharisaical custom his son Archelaus Acts his. Includes baptism records, and Scotland between 1840 and 1920 in Acts is secondhand, and six distant, relationships! Returned to Jerusalem, apostle paul genealogy he gained formal instruction Provide horses for Paul that. Lock-Free synchronization always superior to synchronization using locks judas Iscariot, ( died c. AD 30 ), are! 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