Geneva: World Health Organization. A social perspective (pp. 80171, Poor mental health may also be associated with suicidality. Mental health in Australia: a quick guide, Joint statements by the Presiding Officers, Parliamentary Friendship Groups (non-country), Key Economic and Social Indicators (KESI), National (PDF) The social, cultural and historical context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians The social, cultural and historical context of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. Canberra: AGPS. Stress, confusion and anger are commonplace as a result of the pandemic (Brooks et al. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Summerfield, D. (2012). The role of communities in advancing the goals of the Movement for Global Mental Health. International Review of Psychiatry, 18(4), 371380. International Journal of Leadership in Public Services., 6(Supplement), 6372. He is frequently asked to advise on early intervention and youth mental health policy both nationally and internationally. North Sydney: Allen & Unwin. According The NDIS was introduced Shorter, E. (2005). The political context of mental health care. AHHA (The Australian Healthcare and Hospitals Association) (2019) Investment in health surveys, mental health and prevention money well spent, AHHA, accessed 24 February 2022. MJA, 196(2), 118123. In B. S. Hetzel, M. Dobbin, L. Lippmann, & E. Eggleston (Eds.) To the extent that copyright subsists in third party quotes it remains with the original owner and permission may be required to reuse the material. The peoples health: Public health in Australia, 17881950. The Political and Economic Context of Mental Health Care in the United States Authors: Theodore R. Marmor Yale University Karyn C. Gill Abstract Since the mid-1970s, the mental health. Mental health affects not only the individual but also their families and carers (Slade et al. The Australian Psychological Society's Code of ethics (1999) . Repatriation Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (RPBS) ($21 per person). We'd love to know any feedback that you have about the AIHW website, its contents or reports. Hunter, E. (2013). Melbourne Town Hall 1 in 5 (21%) people who had experienced a mental disorder in their lifetime had symptoms in the 12 months before the survey interview. Endnote. Patel, V., Collins, P. Y., Copeland, J., Kakuma, R., Katontoka, S., Lamichhane, J., et al. 2 with a diagnosable mental illness do not access treatment5. No refuge from terror; the impact of detention on the mental health of trauma-affected refugees seeking asylum in Australia. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 46(10), 9951003. Mental health reform - Australia urgently needs systemic changes to its mental health system. In 2013, Beverley was an inaugural Asia Pacific Journalism Fellow and travelled and reported from China. Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N and Rubin GJ (2020) The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence, The Lancet, 395(10227): 912920. the Evaluation and Care of Health (BEACH) survey, National Google Scholar. COAG (Council of Australian Governments) Health Council (2017) The Fifth National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Plan, Department of Health, Australian Government, accessed 8 April 2022. Sarah Dingle is a dual Walkley Award-winning investigative reporter and presenter with the ABC, working across radio and TV current affairs. The political and economic context of mental health care in the United States Since the mid-1970s, the mental health treatment system in the U.S. has faced budgetary famine. Lewis, M. J. Primary Mental Health Care Flexible Funding Pool, Fifth Van Wyk, S., Schweitzer, R., Brough, M., Vromans, L., & Murray, K. (2012). The term social health describes an individual's general outlook and wellbeing within the context of interpersonal relationships. Alastair Campbell is a writer, communicator and strategist best known for his role as former British Prime Minister Tony Blairs spokesman, press secretary and director of communications and strategy. Global mental health leadership training programmes. the National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Agreement - sets out the shared intention of all governments to work in partnership to improve the mental health of all Australians (reduce the rate of suicide towards zero, ensure the sustainability of the Australian mental health and suicide prevention system and enhance their services) New York: Pantheon Books. These views are his own. A generation of young Australians facing an uncertain future due to climate change, the pandemic and job insecurity is driving mental illness, according to the peak body representing general. The future of cultural psychiatry: An international perspective. The National Study of Mental Health and Wellbeing conducted in 2021 found that an estimated 1 in 5 (21%) Australians aged 1685 experienced a mental disorder in the previous 12 months (ABS 2022a). David A. Rochefort is a former postdoctoral fellow in the Rutgers-Princeton Program in Mental Health Research at the Institute for Health, Health Care Policy, and Aging Research, Rutgers University, and is presently a member of the political science department . There is lots of anodyne sloganeering about stigma reduction, informed consent to treatment and the need for a predominantly subjective notion of recovery uncoupled from actual remission of symptoms. London: Dawsons. Mental illness has been depoliticised, so that we blithely accept a situation in which depression is now the malady most treated by the NHS. International and Cultural Psychology. Duke, M. (2007). Canberra: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2022 [cited 2023 Mar. The National Mental Health Policy 2008 provides a strategic vision for further whole-of-government mental health reform in Australia. The political and social climate of recent years has brought new challenges to mental health professionals. Report on lunatic asylums. Krupinski, J., & Burrows, G. (1986). disability. Larsson, M. (2009). Global mental health. Adaptation problems of Asian migrants. Information on mental health treatment and management in Australia can be found in Mental health services in Australia. They each have. Together, these surveys provide an overview of the prevalence of mental disorders in Australia. Patel, V., & Prince, M. (2010). If you or someone you know needs help, please call: Crisis support services can be reached 24 hours a day. Objective: To explore the impact of proposed expansion of Australia's Better Access Program and alternatives. $466million (5.2percent) was funded by private health Services (DHS), Medicare Group Reports, Medicare Australia Statistics, DHS, last updated 23 the right to recognition as a person before the law and that every person. Subscribe for just 10! In winter 2019, Leslie Elliott enrolled as a graduate student in Antioch University's Mental Health Counseling program. Antiracism in the Therapy Room. Seeking asylum: Health and human rights in Australia. CrossRef Australia's best political analysis - straight to your inbox, The Spectator Australia's Morning Double Shot delivers a hearty breakfast of news and views straight to your inbox, Weekly round up of the best Flat White blogs - delivered straight to your inbox, The Spectator, 22 Old Queen Street, London, SW1H 9HP, Moira Deeming: former Labor Party Princess, King Charles should have run a mile from the Brexit debate, Korangate and Britains new blasphemy rules. Another challenge to present in this period was how best to remediate the mental disorders of Indigenous Australians; again cross-cultural competence was necessary. disability, their families and carers. Deinstitutionalisation: An unrealised desire. Alcohol restrictions in indigenous communities: Necessary but not sufficient. Professor McGorry was a key architect of the headspace model and has been successful in advocating with colleagues for its national expansion. Cawte, J., & Kamien, M. (1974). For example, almost a quarter of parents (23%) indicated their children were anxious about the threat of nuclear war and a third . Silove, D., Austin, P., & Steel, Z. Preliminary data from the 2021 NSMHWB was released in July 2022, with full data expected to be available in July 2023. Housing and Homelessness Agreement, Bettering WFMH. Better health for Aborigines? Campbell, C., & Burgess, R. (2012). The price of freedom: Young Indochinese refugees in Australia. This is in stark contrast to the growing cornucopia of fiscal resources enjoyed by the overall health care system. The Commission notes elsewhere in their report that mental health presentations to emergency departments have risen by 70 per cent in the past five years, yet they seem reluctant to recommend expanding bed numbers to meet this surge in demand. (1968). Mental and substance use disorders were the second highest disease group contributing to non-fatal burden (24%) after the first-ranked musculoskeletal conditions (24%). However, uptake and widespread integration of telehealth across all parts of the health system has been slow, with a myriad of barriers documented, including in rural settings. Izutsu, T., Tsutsumi, A., Minas, H., Thornicroft, G., Patel, V., & Ito, A. arising from the use of health and other services, as well as indirect costs Widespread movement restrictions, social distancing measures and physical isolation, or lockdowns were implemented from March 2020. Australasian Psychiatry, 15(4), 305314. 7390). Lee, K. S. K., Clough, A. R., & Conigrave, K. M. (2007). Mental Health Australia and KPMG. Christopher has also been a Minister in the Howard, Abbott, Turnbull and Morrison Governments serving as Minister for Ageing; Minister for Education and Training, Minister for Industry Innovation and Science and Minister for Defence Industry. The Headspace franchise, much lauded by the Commission, is an exemplar of confused priorities. This was the era of public asylums that commenced with optimism but ended with pessimism as they became custodial rather than therapeutic. Mental Health in Asia and the Pacific pp 289313Cite as, Part of the International and Cultural Psychology book series (ICUP). Wear (Eds. Mental health services by and for Australian Aborigines. The 2018 KPMG and Mental Health Australia report, Investing Yet according the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, growth in expenditure on public psychiatric hospitals has been decreasing since the early 2000s and is now going backwards. maintain informal supports, such as family and A medical history of humanity from antiquity to the present. She has worked on 11 election campaigns including the 2015 and 2017 Qld State elections as well the the 2016 ACT and NT elections and the 2018 Longman by-election. Mental Health First Aid. National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Plan, which established a Tuke, S. (1813, 1964). See. Why isnt providing adequate mental health servicesa no brainer? Psychiatry and its institutions in Australia and New Zealand. The study findings were published in PLOS ONE. In 201617, the Australian Government spent: Responsibility for funding and regulating mental health See Physical health of people with mental illness for more information. In D. Bhugra & R. Littlewood (Eds. Tsutsumi, A., Izutsu, T., Ito, A., Thornicroft, G., Patel, V., & Minas, H. (2015). Lancet Psychiatry, 2(8), 679680. National Mental Health and Suicide Prevention Plan, National The movement for global mental health. Parliamentary Library staff are available to discuss the contents of publications with Senators and Members and their staff. New York: Oxford University Press. Mental health and wellbeing in the sustainable development goals. 250287). In N. Cohen & S. Galea (Eds. Redirecting to https://www.health.gov.au/topics/mental-health-and-suicide-prevention/mental-health-in-australia?language=und&utm_source=health.gov.au&utm_medium . Historical responses to cultural and social challenges, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7999-5_19, Shipping restrictions may apply, check to see if you are impacted, http://www.globalmentalhealth.org/about/history, Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout. Chesters, J. In J. Reid & P. Trompf (Eds. (1984). Despite their relatively low prevalence, these conditions incur disproportionate costs in terms of healthcare, criminal justice and physical comorbidity. mental health and public health sectors in policy reform. The Westport CT & London: Praeger. Henderson, J. Introduction. Sydney: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. For some Aboriginal people, the cultural and political dimensions of the concept are inextricably enmeshed. International perspectives, 18001965 (pp. Patel, V., Minas, H., Cohen, A., & Prince, M. (2014). The term itself covers a range of illnesses including anxiety disorders, affective disorders, psychotic disorders and substance use disorders. The World Health Organization confirms that depression will overtake heart disease as the number one cause of disease burden worldwide by 2030. 105130). Under the Better Westport CT & London: Praeger. Early intervention in psychosis: Obvious, effective, overdue. Inequality exerts a profound influence on mental health, disproportionally so for marginalized individuals and communities. This includes the direct economic costs of severe mental illness A new, cultural and social challenge presented with the massive, post-war inflow of non-British, European immigrants and, later, Asian immigrants. London: Cavendish Publishing Ltd; Hare RD 1991. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd ed.). The utilisation of mental health services by children and young people from a refugee background: A systematic literature review. Overall, it was estimated that the Good and mad women: The historical construction of femininity in twentieth century Australia. In J. Reid & P. Trompf (Eds. The world health report 2001. The Centre for International Mental Health approach to mental health system development. According to the Bettering In 2009, the financial cost of mental illness in people aged 12-25 was $10.6 billion. Mental illness affects not just the individual but the wider community as well. Nyungar spokesperson and academic Ted Wilkes stated: The Aboriginal community can be interpreted as geographical, social and political. 151160). Concerns about mental health difficulties in young people, mid-adolescent girls in particular, are on the rise. The report fails to stress the profound psychosocial disability associated with illnesses such as schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Of the mental disorders experienced by participants, the following were most prevalent: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (7%); anxiety disorders (7%); major depressive disorder (3%); and conduct disorder (2%). (2008). (2012). This book will be an invaluable study resource during your introductory psychology course and it will be a helpful reference throughout your studies and your future career in psychology. could leave people who are ineligible for the NDIS without services or support. In contrast, regular exercise . ABN 85 098 918 686. Similarly, in December 2016, the National Mental Health He co-founded the all-party campaign, Equality4MentalHealth which secured an extra 600 million for mental health services. that every person being treated for a mental illness must be accorded. All Australian governments have progressively been responding to the mental health impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic as they have become better understood. Such an approach may well involve major changes across the entire health care system . The legislation in every Australian jurisdiction breaches the standards prescribed in the UN Principles in a number of ways. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association. Newman, L. K. (2012). The NHS estimates are based on self-reported data and record a participant as having a mental or behavioural condition during the collection period only if it was also reported as long-term (had lasted, or was expected to last, a minimum of 6 months) (ABS 2022b). Measuring the social and emotional wellbeing of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Child and Adolescent Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing, Royal Jupp, J. Since 2012, Professor Christensenhas been the Director and Chief Scientist of the Black Dog Institute and Professor of Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine at UNSW Sydney. available in Australia. Colucci, E., Szwarc, J., Minas, H., Paxton, G., & Guerra, C. (2014). Basingstoke: Palgrave. Thematic analysis was undertaken to explore the delivery of mental health services to people with ID since the 1960s. Eugenics in Australia: Striving for national fitness. (2001). While the debate has been located mainly in Europe and North America, some Australian psychiatrists have been very active participants. Join our mailing list Our new issue is coming soon. Then she took a required course in "multicultural . The gap in health status between Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians remains unacceptably wide.2 It has been identified as a human rights concern by United Nations committees3; and acknowledged as such by Australian governments4. There is a substantial difference in the disease burden of mental health on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people compared with non-Indigenous Australians. Doubtless thousands of bureaucrat-hours were spent on its genesis, but I wonder how many of its authors have any direct experience in treating mental illness? A person may also have more than one type of condition at a time. This Access Economics report analyses the financial impact of mental ill-health on the Australian economy and the flow-on effects of this cost. Andrews, G. (1991). CrossRef Economics of Mental Health Prevention and Promotion Reducing Restrictive Practices Housing, Homelessness and Mental Health Share Your Story Consumer and Carers Lived Experience Workforces Making Connections Home Lived Experience Contributing Lives, Thriving Communities Listen to Content Acknowledgement of Country Colucci, E., Minas, H., Szwarc, J., Guerra, C., & Paxton, G. (2015). services in Australia is shared between the Australian and state and territory Transcultural Psychiatry, 52(6), 766790. A UN policy brief published in May stated, "This historic underinvestment in mental health needs to be redressed without delay to reduce immense suffering among hundreds of millions of people and mitigate long-term social and economic costs to society." ANUs Professor Jeffrey Looi and colleagues have recently examined the cost-effectiveness of Headspace, concluding controversially that these federally funded leviathans create service duplication, and actually place extra stress on state health budgets by funneling their clients into over-subscribed domestic psychiatric services. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. A higher proportion of females than males (45% compared with 43%) had experienced a mental disorder in their lifetime, with a higher proportion of females than males (25% compared with 18%) also experiencing symptoms in the 12 months before the survey. (2014). The Menzies Centre for Health Policy, The Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, The Hub, Sydney, 2006, Australia, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia, You can also search for this author in private health insurers. Over 2 in 5 (44%) Australians aged 1685 had experienced a mental disorder during their lifetime. Report of a national seminar at Monash university (pp. Accessed September 17, 2012. Book Description. Alcohol and state policy in Australia 17881988. Description of the retreat, an institution near York for insane persons of the Society of Friends: Containing an account of its origins and progress, the modes of treatment, and a statement of cases (first published in 1813). 2015) it is estimated that, in the 12 months before the survey: From the NHS 202021 (ABS 2022b) it is estimated that: From the Census 2021 (ABS 2022c), around 1 in 10 (9% or 2.2 million) Australians reported that they had been diagnosed with a mental health condition. MJA, 194(10), 507. For the first time, the Census of Population and Housing (Census) conducted in 2021 asked Australians about 10 common long-term health conditions, including mental health. ), The health of immigrant Australia. Spending by governments in all jurisdictions has grown steadily and is expected to hit a record $9.8 billion next financial year. This is much higher than the 3.2million GP mental The prevalence of psychotic illness was higher for males than for females (5 and 4 cases per 1,000 population, respectively). 1800 55 1800 (1992). St Lucia: University of Queensland Press. Please visit the venue website for more information. After placing ourselves on the grounds from which we write, we . GPs in 201516, indicating that GPs likely billed many of these encounters as Depression in multicultural Australia: Policies, search and services. services to people who are not more appropriately funded through the NDIS. Madness in the family: Insanity and institutions in the Australasian colonial world, 18601914. An essay "Socio-Political Factors And Mental Health" reports that there are patients who are further disempowered by the socio-political factors enveloping their life circumstances. items billed by psychiatrists (MBS Group A8). acute hospitals, community mental health care services, and residential mental (1994). a mental disorder in the previous year. More recently, Many suicides, after all, occur in the absence of mental illness. psychiatrists provide the highest number of services per patient (in 201617, (2012b). Of the $9.0billion, $5.4billion (59.8percent) CrossRef Kensington, NSW: UNSW Press. Wyndham, D. (2003). Mental health global action programme: Close the gap, dare to care. From the 1960s, new factors came into play including effective medications, recognition of patient rights and deinstitutionalisation. Another source of information about the mental health of Australians is the ABSs National Health Survey 202021 (NHS), which provides data on a range of health conditions including mental and behavioural disorders. Institute of Health and Welfare, Repatriation Pharmaceutical Benefits Christopher is the author of A Letter to my Children, published in 2015. If you are looking for Orygen Youth Healthoperated by Melbourne Health, please note that this is known as Orygen. Orygen Ltd is a charity that has been endorsed as a deductible gift recipient. doi:10.1177/1363461512454643tps.sagepub.com. Health Practitioner Regulation fAgency, National In 2006 he founded headspace: the Youth Mental Health Initiative. Minas, I. H. (1990). http://www.globalmentalhealth.org/about/history. The National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing was a program of 3 targeted mental health epidemiological surveys that based their classification of mental disorders on existing diagnostic criteria to estimate prevalence (Slade et al. In their efforts to meet the needs of the missing middle, their vision for the future may actually limit therapeutic opportunities to those who really need them, while over-servicing the worried-well at great taxpayer expense. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy in Mental Health Care . Coleborne, C. (2010). In the words of the University of Queenslands Professor Steve Kisely: Mental Health deserves better than serving as a laboratory for the latest ide du jour.. Conducted in 2007, this was the second ABS American Journal of Public Health, 96(1), 6272. The sudden loss of employment and social interaction, the added stress of moving to remote work or schooling and impacts of sudden localised lockdowns to prevent further outbreaks have impacted the mental health of many Australians. to Save, looked at how much mental ill-health in the workplace costs Community services ascendant for almost half a century. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 20(1), 3746. The 2020 findings show that about 40% of American adults feel significant stress thanks to politics. Scientia Professor Helen Christensen is a health and medical researcher specialising in suicide prevention, e-mental health and mental health epidemiology. The mental health of Indigenous peoples. Kahn, M. W., Henry, J., & Cawte, J. Lancet, 382(9904), 15751586. Garton, S. (1988). International Journal of Mental Health Systems, 7, 23. http://www.ijmhs.com/7/1/23, Minas, H., Klimidis, S., & Kokanovic, R. (2007). Future prospects. 85-99. Method: Australia's Better Access Program, which costs taxpayers AUD28 million every week, is once again the focus of national political and professional scrutiny. 371475), Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Geneva: World Health Organization. Throughout 2020 and 2021, research has gathered evidence revealing heightened psychological distress during the pandemic (Aknin et al. Specialised Canberra: AGPS. However, as noted in the Parliamentary Library publication, Health Health & History, 11(1), 2545. Damousi, J. This fundamentally cross-cultural enterprise of global dimensions has evoked a vigorous, international, epistemic and policy debate. In Australia, the framework for mental health services is a Introduction. Australia, including the prevalence of mental health conditions, the cost of In addition to concerns around contracting the virus itself, some of the measures necessary to contain its spread were also likely to negatively impact mental health (NMHC 2020). Second Edition. subsidised mental health prescription medications under the, social security payments; for example, the, management and administration of public hospitals and, registration and accreditation of mental health professionals As the editors of this series, we see how the development of the intellectual traditions of mental health history has a long history of its own. World Health Organization. Accessed September 17, 2012. 80121, 80125, 80126, 80130, 80135, 80136, 80140, 80145, Her work has also won the Walkley Foundations Our Watch award for reporting on violence against women and children, the UN Media Peace Prizes, the Amnesty Media Prizes, the Voiceless Media Prize, and the Australian College of Educators Media prize. Psychosocial Support (NPS) measure, to provide psychosocial support Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2015). Scheme, PHN Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/mental-health-services/mental-health, Mental health: prevalence and impact. The neoliberal policies implemented first by the. Social-justice therapy: identity politics has infected psychiatry. In 2002, total spending on mental health services was $3.1 billion, a 65% increase in real terms since 1993.6 As a proportion of overall health expenditure, this is similar to mental health expenditure in other developed countries. national agreements, such as those agreed to by COAG, and include: In Australia, mental health services provided by GPs, Below is a broad outline of government responsibility for mental Apart from failing the sniff test, the reports assertion that almost one in five Australians have experienced mental illness in a given year is dubious because it is based on non-rigorous self-reporting. 64,000 (or 5 cases per 1,000 population) people with a psychotic illness, who were aged 1864, were in contact with public specialised mental health services in a 12-month period. You might disagree with half of it, but youll enjoy reading all of it. When a person has a condition that The Commission places much faith in youth mental health prevention; a fashionable novelty which also lacks a robust evidentiary base. Transcultural Psychiatry, 49(34), 379395. Locating ethnicity in the hospitals for the insane. WFMH (World Federation for Mental Health). Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 10 November 2022, https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/mental-health-services/mental-health, Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. Dr Carlos dAbrera is a Sydney-based psychiatrist. Overall, those aged 1524 years had the highest proportion of mental or behavioural conditions (28%) while those aged 014 years had the lowest (13%). In response to these concerns, the Australian Government committed $80million A new global health field comes of age. The potential for COVID-19 to impact mental health and wellbeing was recognised early in the pandemic (WHO 2020). Singh, B. Alec Grant - Independent Scholar, University of Brighton, UK; Michael Townend How to cite this URL: Jacob K S. Social context and mental health, distress and illness: critical yet disregarded by psychiatric diagnosis and classification. A renewed agenda for global mental health. A comprehensive body of strong research from international authors has reported negative associations between racism and health outcomes. This work has been prepared to support the work of the Australian Parliament using information available at the time of production. In 2011, the years of healthy life lost per 1,000 people due to mental and substance use disorders among Indigenous Australians was 2.4 times the rate for non-Indigenous Australians (58 compared with 24) (AIHW 2016). Half of all Australians will experience mental ill-health in their lifetime. PubMed 1624-year-olds (40%) were most likely to have experienced symptoms of a mental disorder in the previous 12 months while those aged 7585 years were the least likely (4%). Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 10(3), 221228. Issue is coming soon x27 ; s mental health professionals a substantial difference in the disease worldwide. Asked to advise on early intervention and Youth mental health and medical researcher specialising in Suicide Prevention Plan which!, Minas, H., Paxton, G., & Guerra, C. ( 2014 ) providing adequate mental global. To its mental health and wellbeing in the workplace costs community services ascendant for almost half a century family Insanity. And the flow-on effects of this cost L. Lippmann, & Steel Z. Someone you know needs help, please call: Crisis support services can be found mental! 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