Pre-Planning & Inspection Introduction Scaffolding is a precise structure. The scaffold must be erected on adequate soleplates and the foundation on which the soleplates are placed must have the sufficient bearing capacity to support the imposed loads transferred from the scaffold. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. "Fabricated frame scaffolds" (tubular welded frame scaffolds). 7. Each has Approximately 75 percent of struck-by fatalities involve: It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: Workers are most at risk from falling objects when standing or working: To prevent injury from flying debris, use safety glasses, goggles, face shields, etc., where machines or tools may cause flying particles; and always inspect tools, such as saws and lathes, to ensure that: The protective guards are in good condition and firmly attached. Scaffolding is used for renovations, construction, maintenance, installations, and much more. scaffold falls, 4,500 injuries and 50 deaths from scaffold-related accidents would be C. Have all brakes and locking devices set when the occupied personnel platform is in stationary position that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. The employer shall ensure that materials shall not be dropped to the outside of the supporting structure. Do Not Try To Drive More Than______Hours In Any One Day. Answer: Those who ( sell or) rent it many times have calculator app or XLS file for it to do that math. ( 1) Scaffolds made of wood shall be reinforced with gussets on both sides of each corner. Scaffolding means a convenient platform for persons to work at height. Boatswains' chair tackle shall consist of correct size ball bearings or bushed blocks containing safety hooks and properly "eye-spliced" minimum five-eighth (5/8) inch (1.6 cm) diameter first-grade manila rope, or other rope which will satisfy the criteria (e.g., strength and durability) of manila rope. Platforms shall be of the ladder-type, plank-type, beam-type, or light-metal type. Chemical manufacturers and importers must convey the hazard information they learn from their evaluations to downstream employers by means of labels on containers and: Under the new HAZCOM/GHS requirements for Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) they must now have 16 total Sections. Note: Except where . Scaffold planks should extend over their end supports not less than 6 inches nor more than 18 inches. Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: A. Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a Learn faster and smarter from top experts, Download to take your learnings offline and on the go. improper grounding of circuitry and equipment. Found a mistake? Scaffold erection shall progress in only one direction around any structure. A ground-fault circuit interrupter (GFCI) protects workers from shock by: Matching the amount of current going into an electrical device against the amount returning from the device and shutting down power if a ground fault is detected. C. Always use a PFAS when working over an unguarded or uncovered opening more than six feet above a lower level When balancing a chemical equation. Scaffolds shall be suspended from metal outriggers, brackets, wire rope slings, hooks, or means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength, durability). Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. Safe access above 2 feet. The poles, legs, or uprights of scaffolds must be plumb, and securely and rigidly braced to prevent swaying and displacement. This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswains chair for the worker to sit in. If this is the approach at your job site, then: You must clean and disinfect the eyewear between each use. what to do and when to do it can save lives. 9. Forklift operators should ground the forks of the forklift, turn the forklift off, set the parking brake, and _____________prior to dismounting the machine. If bridges are not used, passage may be made from one platform to another only when the platforms are at the same height and are abutting. To determine whether employees need hearing protection, employers have to consider: The loudness of the noise, as measured in decibels. Smith, Michael Abbott, Fundamentals of Engineering Economic Analysis, David Besanko, Mark Shanley, Scott Schaefer. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Before a scaffold is moved, each employee on the scaffold shall be made aware of the move. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: OSHAs electrical standards are based on: What are the four main types of electrical injuries? DO NOT ERECT, DISMANTLE OR ALTER A SCAFFOLD unless under the supervision of a qualified person. Scaffolds constructed of tube and coupler components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (b) of this section; Scaffolds constructed of fabricated frame components shall also comply with the requirements of paragraph (c) of this section. The first step in building a scaffold is to: A scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level, because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. Wire ropes shall be continuous and without splices between anchors. 3. disadvantages. work on scaffolds frequently. c. The Law of Conservation of Matter must be followed. All hazards involved in the use of power tools can be prevented by following five basic safety rules: Keep all tools in good condition with regular maintenance; examine each tool for damage before use; operate according to the manufacturers instructions; provide and use the proper protective equipment; and: Live parts of electric equipment operating at 50 volts or more must be: While any employee is exposed to contact with parts of electric equipment or circuits that have been de-energized, the circuits energizing the parts shall be: The two best means of avoiding electrical shock or injury when working with power tools are: The majority of todays power line accidents occur because: Of failure to maintain proper work distances. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. Tensioning of each wire rope used for securing brackets in place or as an anchorage for personal fall arrest systems shall be by means of a turnbuckle at least 1 inch (2.54 cm) in diameter, or by equivalent means. Platforms supported by wire ropes shall have hook-shaped stops on each end of the platforms to prevent them from slipping off the wire ropes. This means that whatever you're working on won't be tilted or sloped in any way. Crawling boards shall be secured to the roof by ridge hooks or by means that meet equivalent criteria (e.g., strength and durability). 1926.452 - Additional requirements applicable to specific types of scaffolds. Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance. The ropes shall be securely attached to the needle beams. If bearing on rungs only, the bearing area shall include a length of at least 10 inches (25.4 cm) on each rung. B. To prevent their displacement, platform units shall be nailed, bolted, or otherwise secured to outriggers. potential hazards that employers and workers need to be aware of so they can take the We've encountered a problem, please try again. In general, head protection should do which of the following? Operators must complete three separate aspects of powered industrial truck training: formal training, practice training, and: To adhere to fire safety precautions, flammable and combustible materials must be stored according to: General safety principles that can help reduce workplace accidents include: Material handling tasks should be designed to minimize _________ of the given activity. Powder-actuated tools are extremely dangerous, with a firing mechanism similar to that of: If a powder-actuated tool misfires, the employee should: Wait at least 30 seconds, then try firing again. If the use of a power tool can result in flying sparks, metal shavings, wood chips, splashes, or other debris, workers should: Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal. missing parts due to area obstructions). This means guardrails, a personal fall arrest system or both, depending on the situation. The mission of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is: To send every worker home whole and healthy every day. when do Falls from scaffolds most likely occur, Guards rails must have a minimum height of _______and they must be installed where, 38 inches and along the open sides and ends of a scaffold, Guardrails are not needed on the fromt ( building side) of the scaffold when, 1. the front end of all platforms is less than 14 inches from the face of the work As mentioned in this module, in addition to cave-ins and related hazards, workers involved in excavation work also are exposed to hazards involving: Falls, falling loads and mobile equipment. Scaffolds must be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, or a combination thereof. All vehicles used for the transportation of explosives shall have tight floors, and any exposed spark-producing metal on the inside of the body shall be: Covered with wood or other non-sparking material. 2. Scaffolds shall be suspended only from the roof structure or other structural member such as ceiling beams. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. 1926.454 Scaffolds must be constructed of suitable structural materials. Just a few example you can find fast on the interwebs, NFI . The fulcrum point of outrigger beams shall rest on secure bearings at least 6 inches (15.2 cm) in each horizontal dimension. Platforms shall not extend outward beyond the base supports of the scaffold unless outrigger frames or equivalent devices are used to ensure stability. As an example, even in this day of steel and iron, scaffolds made from Overhead supporting members (roof structure, ceiling beams, or other structural members) shall be inspected and checked for strength before the scaffold is erected. "Bricklayers' square scaffolds (squares). Make sure the scaffold is stable. Place the planks. An access ladder or equivalent safe access must be provided. [3] Lift the planks through the scaffold bars and into place. The frames must be plumb and level and spaced to adequately support the loads. Brackets used to support cantilevered loads shall: Be seated with side-brackets parallel to the frames and end-brackets at 90 degrees to the frames; Not be bent or twisted from these positions; and. Scaffolds shall not exceed three tiers in height, and shall be so constructed and arranged that one square rests directly above the other. Crossbracing shall be installed between the inner and outer sets of poles on double pole scaffolds. The scaffold assembly must be designed to comply with Local, State and Federal safety requirements. a. Do not sell or share my personal information. Supports for platforms shall be attached directly to the support stirrup and not to any other platform. We need to follow scaffolding safety procedures. No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of a crane or derrick should ever be made without: The manufacturers written approval, which should be kept on file. (7) Ribbons shall be erected along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and the outside posts . The height to base width ratio of the scaffold during movement is two to one or less, unless the scaffold is designed and constructed to meet or exceed nationally recognized stability test requirements such as those listed in paragraph 2. Finally, while the scaffold is being erected or dismantled, the workers who are performing that task need a safe access. Consider printing out and using a scaffolding safety procedures checklist. What the definition of a Suspension scaffolds, one or more platforms suspended by ropes or other non rigid means from an overhead structure. Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. C. Explosives Why do we characterize the heat conduction ability of insulators in terms of their apparent thermal conductivity instead of the ordinary thermal conductivity? Nothing should lean in any direction. (w) of appendix A to this subpart; "Stilts." Platforms shall not be more than 36 inches (0.9 m) wide unless designed by a qualified person to prevent unstable conditions. Erecting Scaffolding Safely. Erected scaffolds should be continually inspected by users to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition. e) must be made of pipe E WCB Regulations state: Tubular and similar type section scaffolding shall be erected plumb and _____. Keep Vehicles and Heavy Equipment Clear. d. Phases are often shown for each compound but are not critical to balancing an equation. 1926.451(a)(1) and (3) TrainingEmployers must train each employee who works on a scaffold on the hazards and the procedures to control the hazards. You've requested a page on a website (cloudflarepreview.com) that is on the Cloudflare network. All ladders used to support ladder jack scaffolds shall meet the requirements of subpart X of this part -- Stairways and Ladders, except that job-made ladders shall not be used to support ladder jack scaffolds. When only a part of the width of the metal scaffold frame conforms to ladder spacing, then these frames must be erected in a manner that makes a continuous ladder bottom to top, with ladder sides of the frames in a vertical line. Diagonal braces shall be installed on all sides of each square. USA (v. 2008) 2 Topics of DiscussionTopics of Discussion AwarenessAwareness Types of ScaffoldingTypes of Scaffolding Scaffolding BasicsScaffolding Basics Erecting ScaffoldsErecting Scaffolds Inspection ofInspection of ScaffoldsScaffolds Do's and Don'tsDo's and Don'ts Photo of Engelmann Gym scaffold (under construction, fall 2005)Photo of . The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. Electric shock occurs when: A. The checks above are common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold structure is unsafe. b. Coefficients are used to balance the atoms on both sides. Yet, because of the nature of where and how it is used, scaffolding can present many potential hazards. When a heat-producing process such as gas or arc welding is being conducted, boatswains' chair seat slings shall be a minimum of three-eight (3/8) inch (1.0 cm) wire rope. Where uplift can occur which would displace scaffold end frames or panels, the frames or panels shall be locked together vertically by pins or equivalent means. job, and he shouldhis life depends on it. B. Guardrails should be between 38" and 45" high. Personal Fall Arrest System. Which of the following is an element of a hearing conservation program? Instant access to millions of ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, podcasts and more. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: At the time of their initial assignment. ", "Single-point adjustable suspension scaffolds.". A narrow excavation made below the surface of the ground in which the depth is greater than the width with the width not to exceed 15 feet A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold A. Non-cross-laminated wood boatswains' chairs shall be reinforced on their underside by cleats securely fastened to prevent the board from splitting. The erection and dismantling of the scaffolds must be done based on the instructions set out in the design drawings. True or False: Only personnel instructed in the requirements of the standard and the task to be performed along with their tools, equipment and materials needed for the job are allowed on the platform. Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. 4. When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: What type of scaffold other than the tube and coupler scaffold is ideal for use around complex structures? Runners shall be installed along the length of the scaffold, located on both the inside and outside posts at level heights (when tube and coupler guardrails and midrails are used on outside posts, they may be used in lieu of outside runners). You do not have access to www.concreteconstruction.net. The scaffold must rest on a firm foundation, be plumb and braced to prevent swaying. In noisy jobsites, these are often used to provide instructions to crane and derrick operators: Since its implementation in 1971, OSHA has: Helped cut work-related fatalities nearly in half and cut excavation and trenching fatalities by more than a third. Not tied. Scaffolding refers to the plant components and materials that, when assembled, form a scaffold. When horses are arranged in tiers, each tier shall be crossbraced. Each pump jack bracket shall have two positive gripping mechanisms to prevent any failure or slippage. Introduction Click here to review the details. To secure fair compensation for workers who have been injured in accidents Transverse bracing forming an "X" across the width of the scaffold shall be installed at the scaffold ends and at least at every third set of posts horizontally (measured from only one end) and every fourth runner vertically. Plumb and brace poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights to prevent swaying and displacement. scaffold, and the suspended scaffold. Posts must be accurately spaced, erected on suitable bases, and maintained plumb. Do not force frames or . Add several tablespoons of table salt to one cup and stir. ", "Form scaffolds and carpenters' bracket scaffolds. What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold, Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material, What are the most frequently used types of scaffolds, The first step in building a scaffold includes a site inspection to do identify what. Insufficient length. Weve updated our privacy policy so that we are compliant with changing global privacy regulations and to provide you with insight into the limited ways in which we use your data. For example, if lumber is used, it must be construction grade or Number 1 Grade spruce. Outrigger beams fabricated in the shape of an I-beam or channel shall be placed so that the web section is vertical. What Is The Molar Mass Of Calcium Chloride? The use of safe lifting postures and timing While scaffolding means individual components such as couplers, tubes, and other materials that we assemble to form scaffold. The posts shall not be spaced more than 2.0 Mtrs. Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards: How to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them. Any man-made cavity, depression, trench or cut in the earths surface formed by earth removal When horses are arranged in tiers, the legs of each horse shall be nailed down or otherwise secured to prevent displacement. ERECTED SCAFFOLDS SHOULD BE CONTINUALLY INSPECTED by users to be sure that they are maintained in safe condition. Scaffolds shall be constructed in accordance with paragraphs (a), (b), or (c) of this section, as appropriate. B. Runners and bearers must be installed on edge. Manual force used to move the scaffold shall be applied as close to the base as practicable, but not more than 5 feet (1.5 m) above the supporting surface. There are many other scaffolds in use as well, each with advantages and Form scaffold-inspection-report-tube-fitting-scaffolds, Construction safety pocket guide osha3252, Why osha scaffold safety training matters scaffold dos and donts, Construction Safety Training_Session 05_Access Equipment and Fall Protection, Safety practice ( SWEDISH COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING WAHCANTT), 5 tips for choosing the best Transportation Management System (TMS).pdf, Tetrahydrocurcumin vs Curcumin What Are The Differences.pdf, 5 Tips on Tenant Referencing for a Speedy Process.pdf, Target And Clinical Trial Progress of ADC In prostate Cancer.pdf, NewBase 02 March -2023 Energy News issue - 1598 by Khaled Al Awadi.pdf, SEAI Business Decarbonisation Supports SSRH and EXEED Schemes launch, No public clipboards found for this slide, Enjoy access to millions of presentations, documents, ebooks, audiobooks, magazines, and more. D. All of the above. True or False: Once a fall protection device has been inspected by a competent person and deemed safe for use by an employee, it is up to the employee to inspect it regularly and ensure that it still meets OSHA requirements. Runners shall extend over a minimum of two poles, and shall be supported by bearing blocks securely attached to the poles. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . The four lifting principles that govern a cranes mobility and safety during lifting operations are: Center of gravity, leverage, stability and structural integrity. Wood splice plates shall be provided on at least two adjacent sides, and shall extend at least 2 feet (0.6 m) on either side of the splice, overlap the abutted ends equally, and have at least the same cross-sectional areas as the pole. a. Scaffolds and scaffold components shall be designed by a registered professional engineer and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. 6, 1979, as amended at 55 FR 47687, Nov. 14, 1990; 61 FR 46025, Aug. 30, 1996; 85 FR 8736, February 18, 2020], Occupational Safety & Health Administration. Forklifts, trucks, similar motor vehicles or add-on motors shall not be used to propel scaffolds unless the scaffold is designed for such propulsion systems. U-bolt wire rope clips shall not be used on any wire rope used to secure brackets or to serve as an anchor for personal fall arrest systems. A. Scaffold base must be set on base plates and an adequate sill or pad to prevent slipping or sinking and fixed therto wher required. The platform shall be supported by a minimum of two bearers, each of which shall project a minimum of 6 inches (15.2 cm) beyond the platform on both sides. Brackets shall be secured in place by at least one wire rope at least 1/2 inch (1.27 cm) in diameter. Appropriate fall protection may be required by the competent person for such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete (i.e. What the percentage of the construction industry that work on scaffold 2.3 million or 65 percent Most scaffolds at jobsites are made of what type of material Aluminum, Steel or less commonly wood Non-mandatory Appendix A to this subpart contains examples of criteria that will enable an employer to comply with design and loading requirements for tube and coupler scaffolds under 125 feet in height. Employees are prohibited from working above other employees on the face of a sloped or benched excavation unless: Workers on lower level have overhead protection from falling objects. Personal Fall Arrest System, Guardrail System, or 3/4 inch (1.9 cm) grabline or equivalent handhold securely fastened beside each crawling board. Special operations and avoidance techniques Other requirements are listed Scaffolds must be designed by a professional engineer in the following situations: Supported scaffolds exceeding: fifteen metres in height above their base support; or The blocks for fiber or synthetic ropes shall consist of at least one double and one single block. Risk assessments and safe work method statements are the joint responsibility of the principal contractor and scaffolding employer. Hardware should be included to fasten the planks into place. 3. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. 2. Bearers shall be installed transversely between posts, and when coupled to the posts, shall have the inboard coupler bear directly on the runner coupler. Do not erect, dismantle or alter a scaffold unless under the supervision of a competent person. We've updated our privacy policy. Personal Fall Arrest System. Scaffolds are fabricated from many materialssome common, and others not so 5. There are several important scaffolding design guidelines and safety rules that pertain to working on a scaffold: Guardrails and/or fall arrest systems are mandatory when working over 10 feet up. The circuit becomes part of the conductor Engineering and Administrative Controls. Activate your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading. 5. Other common components are scaffold boards and edge protection. The ladder must extend 1 m (3 ft.) above the landing. Frames and panels shall be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means. Boatswains' chair seat slings shall be reeved through four corner holes in the seat; shall cross each other on the underside of the seat; and shall be rigged so as to prevent slippage which could cause an out-of-level condition. These rules were combined under the umbrella of OSHA. (8) All ladders used for access shall conform to ladders, Article 25. Where conditions preclude the attachment of bracing to posts, bracing shall be attached to the runners as close to the post as possible. When the pump jack has to pass bracing already installed, an additional brace shall be installed approximately 4 feet (1.2 m) above the brace to be passed, and shall be left in place until the pump jack has been moved and the original brace reinstalled. Materials being hoisted onto a scaffold must Personal Fall Arrest System. 10. 15% c. 20% d. 25% which of the following statements is false? Independent support lines and suspension ropes shall not be attached to the same points of anchorage. Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. Outrigger scaffolds are 3 inches or less from the front edge Before an abrasive wheel is mounted, it should be inspected closely and: Sound- or ring-tested to ensure that it is free from cracks or defects. least three examples of incorporating each of the elements. A scaffold is a temporary, elevated platform that construction workers use for working safely at elevations. What happens to the temperature of the water relative to that of the untreated water? Scaffold casters and wheels shall be locked with positive wheel and/or wheel and swivel locks, or equivalent means, to prevent movement of the scaffold while the scaffold is used in a stationary manner. Extend 1 m ( 3 ft. ) a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because the other poles on double pole.... You 've requested a page on a firm foundation, be plumb a scaffold must be erected plumb, square, and level because braced prevent... 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A few example you can find fast on the scaffold structure is unsafe of ____________... Shall have hook-shaped stops on each end of the following and Health Administration ( OSHA is. One square rests directly above the other safety harnesses, positioning device systems and fall restraint systems dismantled the! To any other platform or equivalent safe access must be done based the! Such design your 30 day free trialto unlock unlimited reading harness with assembly... Be nailed, bolted, or diagonal braces, or diagonal braces shall be securely attached to a with! Two poles, legs, posts, bracing shall be installed between the and. Around any structure be more than 18 inches on suitable bases, and much more convenient! Dropped to the runners as close to the needle beams send every worker home whole healthy! A suspension scaffolds. `` such activities or where the scaffolding is considered incomplete ( i.e and..., bracing shall be installed between the inner and outer sets of poles on pole!